Systematic Review: the Impact of the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Model in Integrating Technology into Teaching

Abstract

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) is a highly relevant model for integrating technology into teaching in the 4.0 era. In practice, the TPACK model creates a more dynamic and interactive environment, enabling teachers to develop a better understanding of technology utilization. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the TPACK model on enhancing teachers' capacity to integrate technology into the teaching process. This study uses the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework to collect and analyze data from 40 empirical studies published between 2018 and 2023 across various geographical and educational contexts. Inclusion criteria include studies that specifically evaluate the impact of TPACK training interventions, measured by changes in teachers' knowledge and teaching practices. Meta-analysis results show that the TPACK model significantly enhances teachers' technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge, as well as the implementation of more innovative and effective teaching strategies. These findings underscore the importance of well-structured programs and ongoing post-training support to maximize knowledge transfer. The study also identifies moderating factors that influence the success of the training, including training duration, format, and institutional context. By providing research-based evidence organized through PRISMA, this study supports the design of policies and professional development practices that can facilitate effective technology integration in education.